32. Text Decoration and Transformation

We can modify the visual appearance of text with lines and capitalization using text-decoration and text-transform.

Text Decoration (`text-decoration`)

This property is most commonly used to remove or modify the default underline on anchor links (<a>). It is a shorthand for style, line, and color.

css a { text-decoration: none; /* Removes the default underline / color: blue; / Must manually set the link color */ }

a:hover { text-decoration: underline; /* Adds underline back on hover */ }

CSS now allows styling the line itself (rarely needed for beginners):

This property controls the capitalization of the text content without needing to edit the HTML.

Value	Description
`uppercase`	Converts all text to capital letters.
`lowercase`	Converts all text to lowercase letters.
`capitalize`	Converts the first letter of every word to uppercase.
`none` (default)	Leaves the text as it is.

css .button { text-transform: uppercase; /* Looks like BUY NOW / letter-spacing: 1px; / Looks better with spacing */ }

.name { text-transform: capitalize; /* Looks like John Smith */ }