John the Ripper (JTR)
John the Ripper is a popular, open-source password cracking utility. It is designed to combine several cracking modes to quickly test password hashes.
JTR Cracking Modes
- Dictionary Attack: Testing passwords from a massive list of common words, phrases, and leaked credentials (wordlist).
- Brute Force: Trying every possible character combination (highly resource-intensive).
- Single Crack Mode: Testing against dictionary words derived from the username or system information (e.g., trying 'user123').
Basic Workflow (Linux)
- Extract Hashes: Use a tool (like
unshadowon Linux) to combine the user file (/etc/passwd) and the hash file (/etc/shadow) into a JTR-readable format. - Run Dictionary Attack:
bash
Use rockyou.txt (a popular leaked dictionary file)
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt hash_file.txt
Show successfully cracked passwords
john --show hash_file.txt