16. Basic String Properties and Methods

Strings in JavaScript are objects, meaning they come with built-in properties and functions (methods) that allow us to manipulate them.

1. `length` Property

This is a property (not a method, so no parentheses) that returns the number of characters in the string.

javascript let word = 'Programming'; console.log(word.length); // Output: 11

Strings are zero-indexed, meaning the first character is at index 0.

javascript let str = 'Code'; console.log(str[0]); // Output: C console.log(str[3]); // Output: e

javascript let messyName = 'aLiCe JoHnSoN';

console.log(messyName.toUpperCase()); // ALICE JOHNSON console.log(messyName.toLowerCase()); // alice johnson

Note: String methods do not change the original string, they return a new string (because strings are immutable primitives).