String Formatting Techniques
Formatting allows us to insert variable values into strings easily and cleanly.
1. The Old Style Formatting (C-style % operator)
This method is rarely used in modern Python but you might encounter it in legacy code.
python name = 'Alex' age = 30
output = "Hello, my name is %s and I am %d years old." % (name, age) print(output)
%s: string
%d: integer
%f: float
2. The .format() Method
Introduced in Python 3, this uses curly braces {} as placeholders.
Positional Formatting
Values are inserted based on their order.
python print("The first number is {}, and the second is {}.".format(10, 20))
Output: The first number is 10, and the second is 20.
Index Formatting
You can specify the index of the argument to use.
python print("I love {0}, {1}, and {0} again.".format('apples', 'bananas'))
Output: I love apples, bananas, and apples again.
Keyword Formatting
Use names inside the placeholders, making the code much more readable.
python print("Today's weather: High of {high}°C, Low of {low}°C.".format(low=10, high=25))